MEK Engineering Fundamentals

Most wear proper PPE. Safety Helmet, Eye protective glass , Face Mask, Hand gloves,Safety shoes.

Check the hand tools free from oil and grease.

File cleaning from wire brush and hammer handle should be tight and fitted.

Use proper size and type of hand tools and job.

Servicing and overhauling of machinery after certain working hours to prevent sudden breakdown.

It also increases the life of machinery.

It also improves the efficiency of machine.

It also prevents from sudden type of accident .

1.Overhead Crane

2.Chain Block

3.Ratchet Block

4.Shackle

5.Eye Bolt

6.Wire sling.

must check the SWL of lifting tool.

Check lifting tools in good condition.

It should be free from oil and grease.

It should be properly lashed and secured.

It is written on the body of spanners.

File the opposite side of the nut and try with open jaw spanner.

tryto open with a pipe spanner.

Cut with chisel hammer and hacksaw.

Use gas cutting with a hot work permit.

Fit and Lock two nuts on the stud head and turn the top nut Clockwise for fixing.

For removing, turn the bottom nut in anticlockwise.

Put a mark with Centre punch at the Centre on the Stud head.

Drill a small diameter but dip hole at the centre of the stud head.

Put a proper size stud extractor in the hole.

Turn the extractor with a small spanner to remove the broken stud anticlockwise.

10.What is the function of the Auxiliary Engine? OR How Electricity is generated?

It turns the alternator to generate electricity 11.What is the function of Main Engine? It turns the propeller of the ship to move a ship Ahead and Astern. 12.What is the Function of Centrifugal Purifier? It separates solid impurities and water from oil by centrifugal force. 13.What will you check when a Purifier is in operation?

Check the gear oil in the gearcase.

Check the fuel oil inlet and water outlet.

Check the motor load and motor temperature.

Check if any normal noise and vibration.

Check if any leakage 14.Identification of different parts of Purifier.

1.Duplex gear

2.Flexible pipe

3.Oil inlet

4.Oil outlet

5.Spindle

6.Separating disk

7.Top disk

8.Bowl

9.Bowl cover 10. pressure gauge 11.Relief valve 12. Centrifugal clutch 13.Sight glass 15.Strainer and Filter ** Strainer:- It separates large solid impurities from any fluid(liquid,aur,gas,oil). Filter:- It separates fine solid particles from liquid or air or gas. 16.What is the function of OWS? ** It separates oil and water from oily water mixture. 17.What is the function of Incinerator? Type of garbage not allowed to incinerate.

It burns certain types of garbage. Plastic, hospital Waste, PCB (poly chlorinated biphenyl), garbage large particle) 18.What is a Heat Exchanger ? It exchange heat between two media passing through it without mixing up. 19.Name three types of Heat Exchanger.

Preheater,

Refrigerator,

Jacket cooling water,

Evaporator,

Condenser 20.What is STP ( Sewage Treatment Plant). How is the treatment done? What type of treatment is done?What chemical is used?

It is in which Sewage treatment is done usually biological to remove all the harmful substances before discharging to the ship.

Chlorine and sodium hypochlorite 21.What is the difference between pressure and vacuum? Pressure is the force above atmospheric pressure while vacuum is the force below atmospheric pressure. 22. What is the function of Fresh Water Generator ? It generates fresh water from sea water. 23.What are the advantages of generating fresh water on board? Ship can carry more cargo instead of water, production rate nil,higher quality of water are obtained 24.What is a Hydrophore System?** Hydrophore system is a system in which fresh water is supplied continuously for domestic supply. 25.What one must know as a Watch keeper in the Engine Room?

All alarm systems knowledge and actions to handle it

Normal Parameters of all machinery knowledge.

Location and use of all safety items.

Action to take in case of breakdown of any engine or any other equipment. 26.How will you take over Watch in the Engine Room?

Check all parameters of running machinery.

Check Sounding of all important tanks.

Check all important running machinery and started smoothly

Check the entry in the engine room log book and also see the instructions written by the chief engineer officer. 27.What safety precautions will you take in the Engine Room during bad weather?

Engine Room should not be on Ums made.(Unattended machinery space operation).

Check frequently all parameters of all running machinery.

Check the Skylight and other water light doors.

Secure all loose items in the E/R and all in store.

Maintain lube oil level in machinery or water level in Boiler slightly Higher than normal.

You must be take frequently round in E/R and see all things normal. 28.What safety precautions will you take in the Engine Room during Dry Docking?

Fire line must be always pressurised from the shore.

Check electric source supply is with normal Voltage and Frequency.

Do not transfer oil and water tank to tank.

Maintain frequent fire patrolling.

Emergency escape passage to be kept clean and unlocked

Fire fighting equipment to be kept always rendy.

Do not allow oil rags or any other garbage to accumulate

Do not allow any Unauthorised persons to enter in the E/R. 29.What safety precautions will you take for receiving a Bunker?

Pre bunker meeting.

Hoist flag or high for Bunkering.

Close all scupper plug on deck.

Keep fire fighting equipment ready.

Keep sopep equipment ready.

Start Bunkering at Low pressure and check for any leakage.

Collect 4 samples.

2 stroke Engine:-When one complete revolution of Crankshaft to complete one Power Stroke. In this Suction,Compression, power and Exhaust these four Strokes are Completed in One Revolution 4 Stroke Engine:-When two complete revolutions of Crankshaft to get one Power Stroke. In this Suction,Compression, power and Exhaust these four Strokes are Completed in two Revolutions.

1.Cylinder Head

2.Cylinder Block

3.Bed plate

4.Crankshaft

5.CamShaft

6.Gear pump

7.Main gallery pipe

8.Inlet valve

9.Exhaust valve 10.Relief Valve 11.Air Starting valve 12.Indicator valve 13.Fuel oil value 14.Piston 15. Piston Rod

1) Relief Valve 2.) Crankcase Relief door 3) over speed trip. 4) oil mist detector.5) Lube oil Low pressure trip.

The movement of a piston from TDC to BDC or BDC to TDC is called the stroke of a piston.

Main Engine - It turns the propeller to move a ship Ahead or Astern. Auxiliary Diesel Engine - It turns the alternator to generate electricity.

Four Strokes of Diesel engine are

Suction stroke

Compression stroke

Power stroke

Exhaust stroke.

Start Pre-lubricating pump

Check the lube oil level in crankcase

Check Fuel oil level in service tank

Open all system valve

Open indicator valve

Open air starting value

Turn the engine to check freeness

Check Lube oil level and pressure

check cooling water level and temperature

Check fuel oil level and temperatur

Check lube oil in turbocharger

Check any leakage

Any abnormal sound and vibration

Check exhaust gas temperature

Reduce friction between sliding parts

Prevents corrosion

Reduce temperature

Insure smooth operation

Splash lubrication

Force feed lubrication

Grease cup lubrication

Recirculation

Grease:-Grease is semi-solid lubricants made by blending oil and Special type of soap. Grease gun:- It is a gun used for greasing Lubrication purposes.. Types

Manual types

Pneumatic types Grease nipples:- It is a non-return ball valve used for greasing.

It supplies charged air to the engine so that the engine can burn more fuel to generate more power.

It supplies charge air to the diesel engine So, that engine can burn more fuel to generate more power.

It increases the efficiency of the engine.

Air starting valve

Fuel injector

Indicator valve

Inlet valve

Exhaust valve

Relief valve

Rocker arm

Valve spring

Valve stem

It converts rotary motion to reciprocating motion.

It controls opening and closing of the inlet and exhaust valves

To reduce friction between liner and piston ring.

To neutralise the _ liner due to combustion gas.

To form an insulating oil film between liner and hot gas.

Overhauling of all mounting on the cylinder head.

Clean lube oil filter, fuel oil filter

Clean all piston rings

1.Heat

2.Fuel

3.O2 4.Chain reaction

1.Stop the machine

2.Switch off the main supply

3.Take out the fuse

4.Check again with tester circuit is dead

5.Put a warning notice on the main switch

6.Remove the safety guard.

1.Check no tools left on machine

2.Replace the safety guard

3.Check if lubrication is needed

4.Remove warning notice

5.Turn the machine to check it is free or not

6.Switch on the electric power

Do

1.Ask if any doubt

2.Use current tools and equipment

3.Keep tools and equipment at good place when it is not use

4.Take care tools and equipment

5.Know the location of nearest fire extinguisher and how to use

6.Keep exit fire door all the times. Don'ts

1.Don't run in the workshop

2.Don't throw tools anywhere

3. Don't touch any equipment without knowledge

4. Don't leave your running machine when required

5. Don't give first aid in injury without knowledge

Assit ship engneer in routien maintaince and repair work - lubrication moving parts -cleaning parts ,machinery spaces -operate & maintain pumps and valve - watchkeeping( checking parameters-temprature,presssure, level,abnormalties) -painting -lookafter ER stores and spares

where machinery are fitted or kept.

a group of machinery that support ship operations. (boiler, air compressor,fuel oil & lube oil system,cooling system, sewage system)

Engine is a machine that convert any energy in to mechnical energy.

A group of components assmebled together for achieving mechenical out come.

Two stroke- Main Engine- for ship movement or Prupulsion Four Stroke- Auxiliary Engine-For Generate Electricity on ship

Engine Room- main engine,auxilary engine,valve,pumps,boiler,incinarator,sewage plant, purifier Workshop- lathe machine, pedestal & hand drill machine, bench grinder, bending machine, welding machine

Hand Tools,mesuring tools,cutting. Hammers- ball pien, straight pien, cross pien,soft,mallet, sledge, chipping, claw (hammer are use for striking,shape,adjust,removing work piece and parts) Chisels- Flat, dimond point, cross cut, round nose, side cut (chisel are use for cutting and chipping of metal piece) Screw Driver- Flat, Philip, Stubby,Insulated,tester (use for tighten and loosen screws) File- Flat(Basterd,second cut, fine Cut), Round, half round, tringular, square,needel. (use for removing extra meterial) Hacksaw- Fix & adjustable(forward Teeth),Hand, power, pipe cutter, hole saw (hacksaw use for cutting metal rods pipe, tube, cables) Punches-Hole,number, letter, center (for marking out locating center ) Vice-bench, pipe, drill vice (for holding work piece and pipesor tubes) Spanner- Open ended(single & double ended) Ring Spanner( double ended,normal,special duty) combination(one side open one side ring Spanner) adjustable(hook spanner) Heavy duty spanner(slogging spanner) Socket Spanner(sockets,extension, couplings- universal joints, ratchet drive) Pipe wrench Allen key Plier- Combination, round nose, flat nose, snipe nose, circlip,insulated, multi grip (holding workpiece , gripping, pulling, turning small parts,twisting,pulling) lifting tackles & device -eye bolt, wire slings, shackle, chains, hooks, pullys blocks,chain blocks, ratchet blockes, cranes (lifting device are used for lifting and moving heavy objects) Mesuring tools-tri squre,callipers, varnier, micro meter, steel scale , sounding tape, mesuring tapes, feeler gauge, thread gauges Taps & Die - Taps( tapper, plug, bottoming with tap handle), die sets(Die and Ratchet handle) (taps are use for making internal threads, Die are used for Outer Threads)

Tools are clean oil and grease free, properly fitted & holded During use,use wright tools,

check lifting gear is swl is enough for objects - check condintion of lifting device will be proper lubricated, and chains are grease free - make fast hook and slings proper

Pressure- Kg/Cm2 OR BAR Temprature- Degree(0) celcius or centigrade level -meter and centimeters(cm,m,mm) Tank Contents-cubic meter or liters(m3,1,tonnes) weight-Kg distance-Nautical Mile Ship speed- Knot Current-A(ampere) Voltage-V(volt) Power-W,KW(watt or kilo watt) Frequency-Hz(hertz) Revolutions-RPM(revolution Per minutes)

Thermo meter- pocket(vertical),scoope,pyro,infrared Pressure gauge- Pressure,compound, vaccume gauge Electric indicator- Ammeter , voltmeter, power meter level gauge-gauge glass(tublar,reflection,bicolour typ),sight glass,dip stick

lock nut,hex plain, slotted, castel,flanged,butter fly etc.

plain, helical spring, toothed lock washers.

Cotter pin, dowel pin, spring locking, quick lock,clevis pin, tapper, grooved pins, flat metal locks.

Snap ring - internal and external

square or rectunglar key, woodruff key

bearing pullar is used for removing bearings , drives, couplings from shafts. it is two types- two legs and three legs type.

it is use for removing broken studs or bolt , first mark center by center punch and make a hole by drill on broken stud or bolt then remove stud extractor.

Main Engine - 2 stroke type,- for Propulsion or movement of vessel Auxilary Engine-4 stroke Type- use for Produce electricity

Temprature- Exhaust,cooling water,lubrication oil,fuel oil Pressure- lube oil, cooling water, fuel oil Levels- lube oil sump, turbo charger oil, cooling water expansion tank, fuel oil service tank Abnormalities- noise, leakeges of water, oil , Air

Cylinder head, Fuel injector, air starting valve, exhaust valve, relief valve, cylinder liner, Piston, Piston Rod, Stuffing Box, Cross head, Connecting rod, crank shaft, bottom end bearing, bed plate, crank case , crank case relief valve, Turbo charger(constant type) ,scavenge mani fold

cylinder head, rocker arm, intake valve, exhaust valve, Fuel injector, push rod, cylinder liner, piston, piston ring, gugion pin, connecting rod cam shaft, fuel pump, bottom end bearing, crank pin, crank shaft, oil sump, turbo charger (Pulse Type), exhaust mani fold

Caliper- Inside And Outside - For Inside diameter and out side dia meter Steel Ruler- For Mesuring Length Vernier Caliper- (inside dia, out side dia , depth) Micro Meter-( Out side and inside) Depth gauge Tri Squre- 90 degree surface dividerQ. Pedestal Drill Machine Parts Base, column, table , table clamp, motor, v belt, step cone pully, drill feed lever,spindel head, spindle, chuk, drill bitt, chuck key

lubrication is use for reduce friction between two moving parts. Lubricants are used in lubrication process(oil,grease,)

Splash LUbrication - Crank case re circulatory system- cylinder, turbo charger, Bath type drip feed Mist type grease cup,grease gun